There only a few thing it could be. I'm just bouncing somethings back. This might get a little long and drawn out but I'm drawing on my personal experience and others.You are working on narrowing it down. What is mentioned above is very good. I always look at the mechanical first. Mostly it can be seen or checked and if it's bad your done. A few things to consider that I'm sure you did or will. Compression and or leak down test. This is a place of concern. Floating of vale train. Is it a sticking valve bad guide or seat or a weak spring. Cam more than likely ok, Lifter?
Then there is the vacuum portion of that. Gasket intake,carbs gaskets x 3, head gasket. Distributor vacuum, vacuum advance and hoses. Seen this happen. A shipmate had 70 454. It would acted up time to time. At different RPMs it would act up. Stumble miss hesitate. Changed the points and condenser the same parts it had , basic tune up. After going through it for a day or two. found it. It was the wrong condenser both times. As the vacuum advanced and retard it was it was hitting the inside of distributor. Vacuum advance working? This may not be you problem just sharing it to be considered.
Then on to the air and fuel. you seem to be on top of that. There are experienced ones here. Myself I would consider the source. Meaning the fuel tank in good shape no rust. No pinched lines,fuel pump presser ok. What size line do you have? I have seen crazy things happen. I would purge the fuel system. Fuel filter? Something might be obstructing as pressure changes. Something floating around there. AS far as the 6 pak That is a different critter. It's goes from almost nothing to balls to the wall!
As mentioned a base line is a necessity. Right now I would discount that until you make sure the mechanical and others are correct. There are some very well versed members here to help with that.
Transmission problem not even going to go there but a possibility. Toque converter problems you never know. Keep it mind. Is there a check vale in the cooler line?
I see that you have worked on diagnosing the issue. This might help trigger something or someone with a solution.
Next for my area of mistakes. I know you covered that. The electrical. I'll be back.