At first thought I would say you have too much tire, but I checked my 72 Barracuda and it has 245/45ZR17's and they don't rub.
It's possible the fast ratio pitman arm is your issue - I believe the fast ratio pitman arm is longer than stock so the same steering wheel movement will move the steering geometry further for the same amount of input - which will then move the tire further, which might be enough to make contact when using your slightly taller tire...
FYI- I have found tires sizes to be slightly different from one manufacturer to another, which may add to your rubbing issue.
My 17" rims are custom offset to try to maximize the tire size for that rim while also fitting around the brakes and in the fender wheel opening - If I remember right they are 17 x 9 with 1 in negative offset. (Neg offset pushes the rim and tire outboard)
You might try a 1/2 -3/4 wheel spacer to see if that solves the rubbing issue. Not saying to keep it, but it would tell you if a different offset (different wheel) would fit and not rub. I am pretty sure the 1/2 to 3/4 in change wouldnt rub on the fender, but you should verify that if you give that a try... wheel spacers are fairly inexpensive. Also Keep in mind wheel lug thread engagement if you try a spacer.